Lithium ion batteries

Watch the video Lithium ion battery 19:00 with transcript, by NHK, starting from 1:13

Summary of the story 

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Vocabulary 字彙

Anode 陽極

The word "anode" comes from the Greek words "ana" (up) and "hodos" (way). First used by Michael Faraday in 19th century.

Cathode 陰極

The word "cathode" comes from the Greek words "kata" (down) and "hodos" (way).

Lithium 鋰

Cobalt 鈷

Polyacetylene 聚乙炔

Carbon fiber 碳纖維

Alma mater 母校

The word "alma mater" comes from the Latin words "alma," meaning "nourishing," and "mater," meaning "mother."

Nobel prize 若貝爾獎

Kyoto university 京都大學

Prototype 雛形，原型

測試一下字彙

Here are fill-in-the-blank quiz questions and answers based on the vocabulary words:

Questions:

1. The ________ is the positively charged electrode in a battery.
2. The ________ is the negatively charged electrode in a battery.
3. ________ is a soft, silvery-white metallic element used in lithium-ion batteries.
4. ________ is a hard lustrous gray metal found in lithium-ion batteries.
5. Your ________ is the university where you obtained your highest degree.
6. The ________ Prize is one of the most prestigious awards given for outstanding contributions in chemistry, physics, medicine, literature, peace, and economics.
7. ________ University is one of the oldest universities in Kansai, Japan.
8. Before mass production, companies will often test a ________, which is an early sample or model of a product.

解答 

Answers: anode, cathode, lithium, cobalt, alma mater, Nobel, Kyoto, prototype

Part 1

選擇影片中的用字 Select  words used in the video clip. 

1. Innovative, novel, unseen
2. Pressure, oppressed, impressionable 
3. Dependable, accountable, responsible 
4. Difficult, demanding, challenging 
5. Discover, uncover, reveal

Word root analysis:

Portable, port + able, carry + able

Import, im + port, in + port

Export, ex + port

Transport, trans + port, across + carry

Cathode, kata + hodos, down + ways

陰極

Catalyst, kata + lysis, down + loosening/dissolution

催化劑

Analysis, ana + lysis, up + loosening

分析

Paralysis, para + lysis, beside + loosening 

癱瘓

Paralympics, para + olympics 

帕運

Parachute, para + chute, beside + fall

降落傘

Reference 

Part 2

選擇影片中的用字 Select  words used in the video clip.

1. Susceptible, suspicious, surrendered 
2. Aspire, perspire, inspire 
3. Portable, export, transport 
4. Soak, submerge, immerse
5. Engage, commit, devote

Aspiration, a + spire, on + breathe, desire (desire to achieve something great or important)

Perspiration, per+ spire, through + breathe ( breathe through the pores), sweat 

Inspiration, in + spire, in + breathe

Intercept, inter + cept, between + take

Susceptible, sub + cept, under + take

Concept, con+ cept, in + take

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Solid state lithium battery

   source: SCIENCE ADVANCES 27 Jul 2022 Vol 8, Issue 30 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq0153

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