星期二, 10月 10, 2023

Solar flares

Solar flares 15:00 video clip w/ transcript, credit by NHK


Vocabulary 字彙

Solar flares 太陽閃焰

Sunspot 太陽黑子

Corona 日冕

Hydrogen 氫

Cosmic radiation 宇宙輻射

Solar wind, magnetic storm 太陽風

Ionosphere 電離層

Magnetic line 磁力線

X ray X光

Ultraviolet 紫外線

Radio waves 無線電波

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Part 1 (introduction) 

Quiz (introduction)

Words in the episode. Select one word in each item.
  1. Disaster, catastrophe, devastation 
  2. Shell, facade, surface 
  3. Launch, initiation, commence 
  4. Glitch, breakdown, malfunction 
  5. Accident, incident, coincidence 

Disaster, dis + astro, ill + star (Greek)

Malevolent astral influence 

Accident, a+ cident, to+ fall

Incident, in+ cident, into+ fall


Malfunction 

Mal: bad, unpleasant , unsuccessful, imperfect 


Tremendously, tremere (Latin), tremble, terrible 


Forty percent of the population is suffering from malnutrition.

The animals were seriously maltreated.


Part 2

Quiz (observatory)

Words in the episode. Select one word in each item.

  1. Enigma, mysterious, intriguing 
  2. Enormously, exceptionally, tremendously
  3. Astrology, astronomy, asteroid 
  4. Oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen 


Astronomy, Astro + nomos, star + law/arrangement 

autonomy, auto + nomos, self +  law/arrangement

Astrology, astro + logos, star + study

biology, bio + logos, life + study

Geology, geo + logos, earth + study

Tremendous, tremere (to quake) + ous

(Something) that is to be trembled at.

Hydrogen, hydro + gen, water + gen




Part 3

Quiz (monitoring)

Words in the episode. Select one word in each item.

    1. Ionosphere, stratosphere, troposphere
    2. Reject, inject, eject 
    3. Corona, aurora, crown 
    4. Outage, breakout, breakdown 
    5. Infrastructure, facilities, civil


    Ionosphere , 60-1000 km above earth, free electrons and charged particles 

    Eject, e + ject , out + throw

    Reject, back + ject, back + throw 

    Subject, sub + ject, under + throw

    Inject, in + ject, in + throw

    Project, pro+ ject, forward+ throw

    Trajectory, trans + ject+ ory , across + throw

    IV injection, intravenous injection 


    E as a prefix 

    External

    Exodus 

    Exit


    Paralyze, para+ lysis, besides+ loosening (Greek)

    Analyze, ana + lysis, throughout + loosening (Greek)

    Infrastructure, infra+ structure, under+ structure 

    Destroy, de+ stroy, de+ structure 



    Part 4

    Quiz (physics)

    Words in the episode. Select one word in each item.

    1. Interrupt, disrupt, abrupt
    2. Resolutions, reconnection, reconciliation 
    3. Massive, huge, paramount
    4. Correct, exact, accurate 
    5. Vigilant, watchful, alert



    Predict, pre + dict, before+ say

    Dictate, say repeatedly 

    Dictator 

    Dictionary 


    Disrupt, dis+ rupt, apart+ rumpere (break)

    Interrupt, inter + rupt, between + rumpere ( break)

    Erupt , e + rupt, out+ rumpere (burst)


    The volcano erupted, sending ash and lava into the air.

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