Defense technology

• Timeline of English Language History (interactive version)  ( video )

影片

Long range anti ship missile

IAMD, IAMD

AESA

F16 fighters with laser weapons 

Long range anti ship missile

Listening comprehension Quiz (long range anti-ship missile)

Words in the episode. Select one word in each item.

1. Detect, perceive, recognize 

2. Active, passive, neutral

3. Employment, deployment, ploy

4. Trajectory, transform, transmit 

5. Dependent, independent, autonomous 

Word anatomy:

Detect: de + tect, un + cover

Protect: pro + tect, forward + cover

Protégés, genius, favorite pupil or student 

Deployment: de+ ploy, un+ fold

Employ: em+ ploy, en+ fold (involve)

Transmit: trans + mit, across + send

Admit: ad+ mit, to + send

Remit: re + mit, back + send

—-

Destroyer

Destroy: de + structure 

Destruction 

Structure 

Infrastructure 

Inferior 

Infrared

—-

Autonomous: Greek

Autonomy 

Automobile 

Autopilot 

Automatic 

Astronomy, star + law

Astrology, star + study

Astronaut, star + navigator 

Disaster, away + star (Latin)

—-

Routing: Latin

Threat: old English 

Reduce: re + duce, back+ lead

Induce: in+ duce, into+ lead (fig)

Deduce: de+ duce (fig)

Logic

deduce vs. induce

Conduct: con+ duct, together+ lead

Conductor 

Semiconductor 

Descend：de+scend, down+ climb

Ascend: a+ scend, to+ climb

Transcend: trans (across) + scend

Descendent 

Gradient descent 

Artificial Neural Network (AI)

terminal, La.

root: term and its word family

1. Terminate: To bring to an end or cease
2. Determine: To establish or decide conclusively
3. Exterminate: To completely destroy or eliminate (ex: out of, thoroughly)
4. Determinate: Having defined limits; fixed (de: completely, thoroughly)
5. Predetermined: Decided in advance (pre: before)
6. Indeterminate: Not exactly known, established, or defined (in: not)
7. Terminology: The system of terms used in a particular field (logy: study of, speaking)
8. Eternal: Lasting forever; without end (ex: away)

IAMD, IAMD

Quiz (IAMD)

Words in the episode. Select one word in each item.

6. Ballistic, cruise, guided

7. Individual, multiple, singularly

8. Supervise, scan, surveillance 

9. Cuing, interlink, data link

10. Terminate, take off, intercept 

integrate

ball, round object (proto-Germanic), bubble, (proto-Indo-European )

ballistic

mass

physical mass of electrons and others

mass of neutron and protons

defense

offense

Intercept, inter + cept, between + take

Susceptible, sub + cept, under + take

Concept, con+ cept, in + take

Word family

Supplements:

Raytheon Laser

保衛家園的科技力量

SAR 17:38-21:52

Satellite communications 24:10-32:47

T.Radar Pro

科技英文與科普傳播 An Introduction

科技英文的本質， 從字根與字首談起

Uni-

• Unit
• Unify
• Universe
• University
• Unicorn
• Uniqlo

Mono-

• Monologue (a long speech by one person)
• Monopoly (exclusive control by one entity)
• Monochromatic (having one color)
• Monocle (a single eyeglass)
• Monoxide (CO)

Uni-, from Latin

Mono-, from Greek

Laser weapons protect aircraft from surface- and air-launched threats.

Laser= light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation

weapon, old English, German 

protect, pro+tect, forward+ cover(shield), Latin

aircraft, craft, Old English, skill or ability

air, old English, Proto-German, Proto-Indo-European

surface, sur+face, upon+face, Latin

launch, throw, Latin

threat, Old English

語言

人類遺產: 如同食物(泡菜，臭豆腐)，制度(分秒，1-2-3)

持續演進: 來源，歷史演進

為何要學科技英文

科技英文是科技溝通的語言

• 科學學術傳統，使用拉丁文與希臘語，都保留在英文當中 (拉丁文，Ficus Microcarpa，希臘文，Psychology)
• 精確性，唯一性 (國際邦交語文)
• 中文，沒有詞類，沒有時態，(常)沒有主詞，沒有介系詞，沒有關係子句，描述科學不夠精確

1. 住宅，宅在家，你很宅
2. 我去希臘，天空很希臘
3. 你很美，美白，美學

文法重要嗎? (想想法文，外商經驗）

英文的語言史 ( video )

史前~Celtic 時期

第五世紀

• 位於丹麥半島的Anglo, Saxon 族入侵英倫本島
• Old English

1. water
2. child
3. ear
4. talk

第九世紀

• 維京人 (Vikings, 語言 Old Norse) 入侵
• 增加 Old English 字彙
1. sky
2. bag
3. hit
4. law
5. they
6. murder
7. husband

第十一世紀

• 位於現今法國北部 Normal 國 William Bastard 入侵英倫島
• 引入 Old French (Latin) 成為 Middle English
1. royal court, old English 合併演進成 Middle English
2. (皇家貴族) Pork, beef, poultry 

                    (農民百姓) Pig,  cow, chicken 

• 拉丁文後來成為 Law, Religion, Science 的語言，學習拉丁文才算是受過教育 (Homo Sapiens)

第十五世紀

• Early modern English
• Hamlet, etc. by Shakespeare

1.  Frailty, thy name is woman.  (Hamlet)
2. A rose by any other name would smell as sweet. (Romeo and Juliet)

• 文藝復興(Renaissance)
1. 向古典學習
2. 帶入拉丁文，希臘文

第十六世紀~第十九世紀 (帝國殖民時期)

• US accent, frozen, accent like those in Shakespeare periods
• UK accent, 持續演進，我們如今認識的英語
1.  jungle
2. hammock
3. pajamas
4. hurricane

第十八世紀~至今 (工業革命, industrial revolution)

• 出現科技用語 train, engine, combustion, piston

 

筆記

英文寫作

• 丟掉「起承轉合」
• 開門見山， 3C原則 correct, clear, concise
• 蓋房子一定先從奠基石（key stone)，寫段落一定從key sentence 開始

母語 mother tongue

• 語言學習的開始 Joint Attention (聯合注意力)

學習的動力 （ eagerness，貝利茲，英文歌）🎤

•  toddlers, 12-24個月小孩，一再跌倒，站起來繼續走
• 練腳踏車，一再跌倒，扶起來繼續練騎
• 你有沒有無法阻擋的語言學習力，為了生存，因為好奇，想要理解這個世界，因為語言是看待世界的一種方式

閱讀趨勢觀察

•    資訊品質，翻譯速度 & 規模經濟
•    透視趨勢的文化人？

學英文為什麼不用ChatGPT就好了？